学习Retrofit笔记

发表于 | 分类于

本文是基于Retrofit2进行学习。首先你要知道Retrofit是一个网络请求框架，它的api 定义可以查阅官网.

从零开始搭建一个Retrofit的例子

以下示例会分别列出Retrofit 1.9和Retrofit 2的区别用法

添加依赖

Retrofit 1.9

1
2
3
4
5
dependencies {  
    // Retrofit & OkHttp
    compile 'com.squareup.retrofit:retrofit:1.9.0'
    compile 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.2.0'
}

Retrofit 2

1
2
3
4
dependencies {  
    // Retrofit & OkHttp
    compile 'com.squareup.retrofit:retrofit:2.0.0-beta2'
}

Api服务核心类

ServiceGenerator是项目的http核心类，专门用于封装http请求的基类。

Retrofit 1.9

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
public class ServiceGenerator {

    public static final String API_BASE_URL = "http://your.api-base.url";

    private static RestAdapter.Builder builder = new RestAdapter.Builder()
                .setEndpoint(API_BASE_URL)
                .setClient(new OkClient(new OkHttpClient()));

    public static <S> S createService(Class<S> serviceClass) {
        RestAdapter adapter = builder.build();
        return adapter.create(serviceClass);
    }
}

Retrofit 2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
public class ServiceGenerator {
    public static final String API_BASE_URL = "http://api.github.com";

    private static OkHttpClient httpClient = new OkHttpClient();
    private static Retrofit.Builder builder =
            new Retrofit.Builder()
                    .baseUrl(API_BASE_URL)
                    .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create());

    public static <S> S createService(Class<S> serviceClass) {
        Retrofit retrofit = builder.client(httpClient).build();
        return retrofit.create(serviceClass);
    }
}

Json解析

Retrofit 1.9默认带有Gson的支持。Retorfit2就需要自定义添加支持。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit:converter-gson:2.0.0-beta2' 
``` 

## Api调用范例 ##
这里我会以github的API为例。

### 声明GitHubClient类 ###
Retrofit 1.9

public interface GitHubClient {
@GET(“/repos/{owner}/{repo}/contributors”)
List contributors(
@Path(“owner”) String owner,
@Path(“repo”) String repo
);
}

1
2

Retrofit 2

public interface GitHubClient {
@GET(“/repos/{owner}/{repo}/contributors”)
Call> contributors(
@Path(“owner”) String owner,
@Path(“repo”) String repo
);
}

1
2

### Model类 ###

class Contributor {
String login;
int contributions;
}

1
2
3
4

### 请求 ###

Retrofit 1.9

GitHubClient client = ServiceGenerator.createService(GitHubClient.class);

// Fetch and print a list of the contributors to this library.
List<Contributor> contributors =
    client.contributors("fs_opensource", "android-boilerplate");

for (Contributor contributor : contributors) {
    System.out.println(
            contributor.login + " (" + contributor.contributions + ")");
}

1
2

Retrofit 2
GitHubClient client = ServiceGenerator.createService(GitHubClient.class);

    // Fetch and print a list of the contributors to this library.
    Call<List<Contributor>> call =
            client.contributors("lzyzsd", "Awesome-RxJava");

    List<Contributor> contributors = null;
    try {
        contributors = call.execute().body();
        for (Contributor contributor : contributors) {
            System.out.println(
                    contributor.login + " (" + contributor.contributions + ")");
        }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

1
2
3
4
5
6

# 实现一个基本的登录 #
## 修改ServiceGenerator ##
修改ServiceGenerator类，添加一个新方法

Retrofit 1.9

public class ServiceGenerator {

public static final String API_BASE_URL = "http://your.api-base.url";

private static RestAdapter.Builder builder = new RestAdapter.Builder()
            .setEndpoint(API_BASE_URL)
            .setClient(new OkClient(new OkHttpClient()));

public static <S> S createService(Class<S> serviceClass) {
    return createService(serviceClass, null, null);
}

public static <S> S createService(Class<S> serviceClass, String username, String password) {
    if (username != null && password != null) {
        // concatenate username and password with colon for authentication
        String credentials = username + ":" + password;
        // create Base64 encodet string
        final String basic =
                "Basic " + Base64.encodeToString(credentials.getBytes(), Base64.NO_WRAP);

        builder.setRequestInterceptor(new RequestInterceptor() {
            @Override
            public void intercept(RequestFacade request) {
                request.addHeader("Authorization", basic);
                request.addHeader("Acceppt", "application/json");
            }
        });
    }

    RestAdapter adapter = builder.build();
    return adapter.create(serviceClass);
}

}

1
2

Retrofit 2

public class ServiceGenerator {
public static final String API_BASE_URL = “http://api.github.com“;

private static OkHttpClient httpClient = new OkHttpClient();
private static Retrofit.Builder builder =
        new Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl(API_BASE_URL)
                .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create());

public static <S> S createService(Class<S> serviceClass) {
    Retrofit retrofit = builder.client(httpClient).build();
    return retrofit.create(serviceClass);
}

public static <S> S createService(Class<S> serviceClass,String username,String password){
    if (username != null && password != null) {
        String credentials = username + ":" + password;
        final String basic =
                "Basic " + Base64.encodeToString(credentials.getBytes(), Base64.NO_WRAP);

        httpClient.interceptors().clear();
        httpClient.interceptors().add(new Interceptor() {
            @Override
            public Response intercept(Interceptor.Chain chain) throws IOException {
                Request original = chain.request();

                Request.Builder requestBuilder = original.newBuilder()
                        .header("Authorization", basic)
                        .header("Accept", "applicaton/json")
                        .method(original.method(), original.body());

                Request request = requestBuilder.build();
                return chain.proceed(request);
            }
        });
    }

    Retrofit retrofit = builder.client(httpClient).build();
    return retrofit.create(serviceClass);

}

}

1
2
3

## 添加LoginServer ##
Retrofit 1.9

public interface LoginService {
@POST(“/login”)
User basicLogin();
}

1
2

Retrofit 2

public interface LoginService {
@POST(“/login”)
Call basicLogin();
}

1
2
3

## 调用示例 ##
Retrofit 1.9

LoginService loginService =
ServiceGenerator.createService(LoginService.class, “user”, “secretpassword”);
User user = loginService.basicLogin();

1
2

Retrofit 2

LoginService loginService =
ServiceGeneratorcreateService(LoginService.class, “user”, “secretpassword”);
Call call = loginService.basicLogin();
User user = call.execute().body();
```